Chisholm v. Georgia 2 US 419 (February 1794)

[palani]

The Cherokee Nation was instructed by the Supreme Court (Cherokee Nation v Georgia, 1831)

...the contest is distinctly a contest for empire. It is not a case of meum and tuum in the judicial, but in the political, sense. Not an appeal to laws, but to force. A case in which a sovereign undertakes to assert his right upon his sovereign responsibility; to right himself, and not to appeal to any arbiter but the sword, for the justice of his cause.

Swords appear to have little effect in the virtual realm. Words must be substituted.
{Silver Sword plant}

[mrg]

Originally Posted by dorkenbutt

Like so many other threads this one now has no resemblance of what this thread started out to be.

It has resorted to gutter talk.

Thanks guys.

Better now?

[aksis]

One can not delegate to another, something they don't have. It is impossible in both fact and law.

Also, the term "delegation" is not a synonym of "relinquish", "surrender", etc..

I am quite sure the dissenters will fail to produce evidence that the People, either alone or in a group, abdicated "the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them"... and as most members of this forum know, this quote was formally declared to the King of England and is published on the 1st page of the 1st Volume of the Statutes at Large... before the Articles of Confederation and before the Constitution.

Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes Against Internationally Protected Persons, 1035 U.N.T.S. 167, 13 I.L.M. 41, entered into force Feb. 20, 1977.

ARTICLE 1
For the purposes of this Convention:

1. "internationally protected person" means:
   1. a Head of State, including any member of a collegial body performing the functions of a Head of State under the constitution of the State concerned, a Head of Government or a Minister for Foreign Affairs, whenever any such person is in a foreign State, as well as members of his family who accompany him;
   2. any representative or official of a State or any official or other agent of an international organization of an intergovernmental character who, at the time when and in the place where a crime against him, his official premises, his private accommodation or his means of transport is committed, is entitled pursuant to international law to special protection from any attack on his person, freedom or dignity, as well as members of his family forming part of his household;

1615 Protection of Foreign Officials -- Internationally Protected Persons and Official Guests -- 18 U.S.C. §§ 112, 878, 970, 1116, 1117 and 1201

These statutes have a common origin in a 1791 Act of Congress making punishable the offering of violence to the person of an ambassador or other public minister. See S. Rep. 1179, 88th Cong., 2d Sess. 1964, reprinted in 1964 U.S. Code & Cong. and Adm. News 3170, 3171. As the conduct of international diplomacy became more complex, and the United States assumed international obligations to afford protection to foreign officials, diplomats and other foreign visitors, the statutes were enacted or amended in scope to effectuate such protection. In 1972, Title 18 was amended to make punishable under Federal law the murder, manslaughter, kidnapping, assault, or intimidation of a "foreign official" or "official guest." See Pub. L. 92-539 (1972). The amendment was considered necessary by Congress to give effect to "international obligations of the United States to resident diplomatic, consular and other foreign government personnel and their families within [the] borders [of the United States]," and to extend similar protection to private foreign citizens visiting the United States pursuant to official recognition. See S. Rep. No. 1105, 92d Cong., 2d Sess (1972), reprinted in 1972 U.S. Code Cong. and Adm. News 4316.
In 1976, these statutes were again amended to afford similar protections to "internationally protected persons." See Pub. L. 94-467 (1976). The express legislative purpose of the 1976 amendment was to "implement the Organization of American States Convention to Prevent and Punish the Acts of Terrorism Taking the Form of Crimes Against Persons and Related Extortion That Are Of International Significance (OAS Treaty), and the United Nations "Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes Against Internationally Protected Persons, Including Diplomatic Agents" (U.N. IPP Treaty). Thus, the constitutional basis for these statutes is, in large measure, Congress' power to "define and punish offenses against the law of nations." See U.S. Const. Art. 1, § 8, cl. 10.

October 1997 Criminal Resource Manual 1615

http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/eousa/foia...9/crm01615.htm

§ 1116. Murder or manslaughter of foreign officials, official guests, or internationally protected persons

(a) Whoever kills or attempts to kill a foreign official, official guest, or internationally protected person shall be punished as provided under sections 1111, 1112, and 1113 of this title.
(b) For the purposes of this section: (1) “Family” includes (a) a spouse, parent, brother or sister, child, or person to whom the foreign official or internationally protected person stands in loco parentis, or (b) any other person living in his household and related to the foreign official or internationally protected person by blood or marriage.
(2) “Foreign government” means the government of a foreign country, irrespective of recognition by the United States.
(3) “Foreign official” means— (A) a Chief of State or the political equivalent, President, Vice President, Prime Minister, Ambassador, Foreign Minister, or other officer of Cabinet rank or above of a foreign government or the chief executive officer of an international organization, or any person who has previously served in such capacity, and any member of his family, while in the United States; and
(B) any person of a foreign nationality who is duly notified to the United States as an officer or employee of a foreign government or international organization, and who is in the United States on official business, and any member of his family whose presence in the United States is in connection with the presence of such officer or employee.

(4) “Internationally protected person” means— (A) a Chief of State or the political equivalent, head of government, or Foreign Minister whenever such person is in a country other than his own and any member of his family accompanying him; or
(B) any other representative, officer, employee, or agent of the United States Government, a foreign government, or international organization who at the time and place concerned is entitled pursuant to international law to special protection against attack upon his person, freedom, or dignity, and any member of his family then forming part of his household.

(5) “International organization” means a public international organization designated as such pursuant to section 1 of the International Organizations Immunities Act (22 U.S.C. 288) or a public organization created pursuant to treaty or other agreement under international law as an instrument through or by which two or more foreign governments engage in some aspect of their conduct of international affairs.
(6) “Official guest” means a citizen or national of a foreign country present in the United States as an official guest of the Government of the United States pursuant to designation as such by the Secretary of State.
(7) “National of the United States” has the meaning prescribed in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 (a)(22)).

http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/se...6----000-.html

Magnanimously,

Christopher Theodore: Rhodes