Damaged Party clarification

Ok, i want final clarification on this. we all know that most criminal cases dont have a damaged party, state cannot be damaged. ive asked several people, that in a case where there IS a damaged party, (robbery, assault,etc.) would the case have to be styled "injured party vs defendant"in order to be lawful, accompanied by a verified sworn complaint. now, ive been told that the state can style the complaint "state vs defendant" and bring the complaint on behalf of a injured party. well, the reason that doesnt make sense is, again, how can a fiction claim to be representing someone and you didnt injure the state, it had to be a specific man or woman. so, two questions to clear this up once and for all: must it be mandatory that the injured party bring the suit him/herself along with a verified sworn complaint, OR, are they allowed to continue this crap with the state being against the defendant and letting the injured party swear a affidavit and what exactly IS the basic elements of the complaint to raise it to the level of evidence (lawful constitiutional complaint).