RAS - Probable Cause

[palani]

Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 21, 88 S.Ct. 1868 (1968)
"Reasonable Articulable Suspicion"

To believe that:
(1) a crime has been committed
(2) a crime is being committed, or
(3) a crime is about to be committed; AND
(4) the person about to be stopped is the person who did one of the above.


Probable cause - In United States criminal law, probable cause refers to the standard by which a police officer may make an arrest, conduct a personal or property search or obtain a warrant. It is also used to refer to the standard to which a grand jury believes that a crime has been committed. This term comes from the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution:

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

If there is no crime there is no RAS or probable cause. Under common law there must be an injury for there to be a crime.